Keywords
microorganismos
degradación
How to Cite
Abstract
La bioaumentación es una técnica biotecnológica innovadora en el campo de la biorremediación, consiste en la introducción de microorganismos específicos en ambientes contaminados para acelerar la degradación o eliminación de estos compuestos. Esta técnica es relevante y se considera sostenible porque aprovecha la capacidad natural de los microorganismos para degradar compuestos tóxicos que, de otro modo, persistirían en el ambiente durante décadas. Su eficacia radica en la selección de microorganismos altamente especializados y en su escalabilidad, ya que es una técnica que se puede llevar a cabo directamente en el sitio contaminado (in situ) o fuera de él (ex situ), lo que permite tener un mayor control del proceso. La bioaumentación ha sido clave en la descontaminación de derrames de petróleo en suelo y agua, la degradación de compuestos orgánicos tóxicos en aguas subterráneas, en el tratamiento de aguas residuales, entre otros. Bajo este contexto, el objetivo de este artículo es dar a conocer que el alcance de la bioaumentación, como se lleva a cabo y algunas aplicaciones.
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